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Documentation
Pages from 3 sources, kept in sync: the official NEAR documentation, documentation from teams building on NEAR, and readmes from their code. Search all of it, or start from a path below.
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Official
Validators
Learn about NEAR Protocol validators, their roles in network security, consensus mechanisms, validator economics, and how to become a validator. A…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Post validators
/openapi.json post /validators Queries active validators on the network. Returns details and the state of validation on the blockchain.
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Post experimental validators ordered
/openapi.json post /EXPERIMENTAL_validators_ordered Returns the current epoch validators ordered in the block producer order with repetition. This endpoi…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Staking & Delegation
Validator selection, delegation, withdrawal availability, and staking-pool custody. NEAR delegation uses staking-pool co…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Staking NEAR Tokens
Learn how to stake NEAR, delegate to validators, track rewards, and withdraw staked tokens safely. You can delegate NEAR tokens to a validator to help secure…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Random Numbers
…dom seed is deterministic and verifiable: it comes from the validator that produced the block signing the previous block-hash with their private key. The way the random seed is cre…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Sunsetting a Staking Pool
…s. If you are a stake pool owner and want to wind down your validator service, follow these steps to ensure delegators can safely recover their funds. *** Step 1: Notify Delegators…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Deploying Your Own Contract
…d token is continuously adjusted based on rewards earned by validators. It’s calculated as exchange_rate = total_staked_near / total_liquid_token_supply and as staking rewards acc…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
NEAR Native Token
…See Storage Staking for storage costs and requirements. *** Validator staking NEAR uses proof of stake to secure the network. Token holders can delegate NEAR to validators, which p…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
NEAR CLI
Interact with NEAR through the terminal. The NEAR Command Line Interface (CLI) is a tool that enables you to interact with the NEAR network directly from the shell. Among other thi…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Epoch
… epochs in NEAR Protocol, including their duration, role in validator selection, and how they affect network operations and data retention. This section explains the concept of an …
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Using Liquid Staking
…en representing staked NEAR, enabling instant liquidity and validator diversification. Liquid staking is a modern alternative to regular staking on NEAR that solves the problem of …
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Architectural Overview
…these applications through accounts and transactions, while validators process their activity across parallel parts of the network called shards. *** Accounts and smart contracts A…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Reference Contracts
Explore NEAR contracts deployed across projects. List of contracts of various projects deployed on NEAR. This list is not exhaustive and is meant to be a reference for developers a…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
NEAR Networks
…operates on several networks, each with its own independent validators and unique state. These networks are designed to serve different purposes, from production-ready applications…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Environment
Know which account called you, how much gas and tokens were attached, and more. The environment is a set of variables and functions that are available to your smart contract when i…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Runtime
…layer, which handles consensus, block and chunk production, validator selection, and routing messages between shards. The sections below explain their responsibilities and include …
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Avoiding Token Loss
…account no longer exists, the funds will be dispersed among validators proportional to their stake in the current epoch. Deleting account with non-existent beneficiary When you del…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Post status
…nearcore node version, protocol version, the current set of validators, etc.
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Anatomy of a Transaction
Learn about the structure and components of NEAR Protocol transactions, including signers, receivers, actions, and transaction validation fields. This section explains the anatomy …
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Protocol Call Reference
Overview of tools and methods for interacting with the NEAR Protocol. NEAR Protocol provides multiple ways to interact with the network — from low-level JSON-RPC calls to visual ex…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Front-running
…s. A transaction can reveal information before it executes. Validators can inspect transactions available for inclusion and control their ordering within the blocks they produce. A…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Tutorial: Creating an Indexer
This tutorial will guide you through building an indexer using the NEAR Indexer Framework. The indexer will listen for FunctionCalls on a specific contract and log the details of e…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Building on NEAR
Curated resources to help you start building quickly, plus the Awesome NEAR directory. This page brings together practical resources you can use right away when building on NEAR. G…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
How Omni Bridge Works
…ereum light client needs to track NEAR's blocks, verify its validators' signatures, and confirm transactions. This comes with major technical challenges: it requires storing two we…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Data APIs
… Public Key to Account ID * Knowing a user's staking pools (validators) * Querying the top holders of a token Examples theme={"theme":{"light":"github-light","dark":"github-dark"}}…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Run Your Own Localnet
…al blockchain state, including default account near and the validator account (by default, it's test.near) * validator_key.json - validator's keypair used to produce blocks * node_…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Introduction
Learn about Lockup contracts on NEAR – smart contracts that escrow tokens with time-based release schedules, supporting lockups, vesting, staking, and termination by foundation. Lo…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Introduction
…locally you are essentially running the same kind of node a validator would run, making it a good choice for integration testing under realistic conditions. Developer node near-san…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Decentralized Exchanges (DEX)
Learn how to interact with decentralized exchanges on NEAR Protocol, including token swapping, liquidity pools, and integration with Ref Finance DEX. A Decentralized Exchange (DEX)…
Nov 1, 2026
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