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Documentation
Pages from 3 sources, kept in sync: the official NEAR documentation, documentation from teams building on NEAR, and readmes from their code. Search all of it, or start from a path below.
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Official
Front-running
…s. A transaction can reveal information before it executes. Validators can inspect transactions available for inclusion and control their ordering within the blocks they produce. A…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Tutorial: Creating an Indexer
This tutorial will guide you through building an indexer using the NEAR Indexer Framework. The indexer will listen for FunctionCalls on a specific contract and log the details of e…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Building on NEAR
Curated resources to help you start building quickly, plus the Awesome NEAR directory. This page brings together practical resources you can use right away when building on NEAR. G…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Post next light client block
…ring) - next_block_inner_hash (string) - next_bps (array of ValidatorStakeView) - prev_block_hash (string) error: - error (required): one of name, cause: object name, cause: object…
Nov 4, 2026
Official
How Omni Bridge Works
…ereum light client needs to track NEAR's blocks, verify its validators' signatures, and confirm transactions. This comes with major technical challenges: it requires storing two we…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Data APIs
… Public Key to Account ID * Knowing a user's staking pools (validators) * Querying the top holders of a token Examples theme={"theme":{"light":"github-light","dark":"github-dark"}}…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Run Your Own Localnet
…al blockchain state, including default account near and the validator account (by default, it's test.near) * validator_key.json - validator's keypair used to produce blocks * node_…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Introduction
Learn about Lockup contracts on NEAR – smart contracts that escrow tokens with time-based release schedules, supporting lockups, vesting, staking, and termination by foundation. Lo…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Introduction
…locally you are essentially running the same kind of node a validator would run, making it a good choice for integration testing under realistic conditions. Developer node near-san…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Upgradability
Upgradability This part of specification describes specifics of upgrading the protocol, and touches on few different parts of the system. Three different levels of upgradability ar…
Nov 2, 2026
Official
Decentralized Exchanges (DEX)
Learn how to interact with decentralized exchanges on NEAR Protocol, including token swapping, liquidity pools, and integration with Ref Finance DEX. A Decentralized Exchange (DEX)…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Function Call
Function Call In this section we provide an explanation how the FunctionCall action execution works, what are the inputs and what are the outputs. Suppose runtime received the foll…
Nov 2, 2026
Official
Implementation Details
Explore Omni Bridge's technical architecture The Omni Bridge is a sophisticated cross-chain bridge infrastructure that enables secure and efficient token transfers between NEAR Pro…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Storage
…, such as validation staking. This increases the yield that validators will receive. Learn more in the economics whitepaper. *** When do tokens get staked? On each incoming transac…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Light Client
…r { Endorsement(CryptoHash), Skip(BlockHeight) } pub struct ValidatorStakeView { pub account_id: AccountId, pub public_key: PublicKey, pub
Nov 4, 2026
Official
Exchange Integration
Learn how to integrate NEAR Protocol. NEAR is an open-source, sharded proof-of-stake blockchain with support for smart contracts. | Property | Value / behavior | Reference | | - | …
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Accounts
Accounts Account ID NEAR Protocol has an account names system. Account ID is similar to a username. Account IDs have to follow the rules. Account ID Rules • minimum length is 2 • m…
Nov 4, 2026
Official
Decentralized Autonomous Organizations
Learn about Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs) on NEAR - self-organized groups that coordinate membership, decision-making, and funding through smart contract voting. De…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Using NFTs
Learn about NEAR non-fungible tokens (NFT) following NEP-171 and NEP-177 standards - mint, transfer, query, and trade unique digital assets with comprehensive examples. Wanting to …
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Lockup Contracts
Learn about Lockup contracts on NEAR – smart contracts that escrow tokens with time-based release schedules, supporting lockups, vesting, staking, and termination by foundation. Lo…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Transactions in the Blockchain Layer
Transactions in the Blockchain Layer A client creates a transaction, computes the transaction hash and signs this hash to get a signed transaction. Now this signed transaction can …
Nov 2, 2026
Official
Actions
Actions There are a several action types in Near: #![allow(unused)] fn main() { pub enum Action { CreateAccount(CreateAccountAction), DeployContract(DeployContractAction), Function…
Nov 4, 2026
Official
Contract Preparation
…high performance execution of the function calls , the near validator utilizes ahead-of-time preparation of the contract WASM code. Today the contract code is prepared during the e…
Nov 2, 2026
Official
Transfers & Actions
Learn how contracts can make transfers, call other contracts, and more This page describes the different types of actions that a smart contract can perform on NEAR like transferrin…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Meta Transactions
…ction that would make the ft_transfer("john", 10) call. But validator nodes will not accept it, because she does not have the necessary Near token balance to purchase the gas. With…
Nov 1, 2026
Official
Integration Tests
…\~140 functions: storage, registers, promise batch actions, validators, epochs), protocol-accurate gas metering (V155 fee table), and the real crypto precompiles (ecrecover, p256_v…
Nov 1, 2026
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